| Occurrence summary | |
|---|---|
| Date | 26 January 1972 |
| Type | Bombing |
| Site | Srbská Kamenice, Czechoslovakia |
| Passengers | 23 |
| Crew | 5 |
| Injuries | 1 |
| Fatalities | 27 |
| Survivors | 1 |
| Aircraft type | McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 |
| Operator | JAT Yugoslav Airlines |
| Tail number | YU-AHT |
| Flight origin | Stockholm-Arlanda Airport, Stockholm, Sweden |
| Last stopover | Copenhagen Airport, Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Destination | Zagreb Airport, Zagreb, Yugoslavia |
JAT Yugoslav Airlines Flight 367 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 aircraft (registration YU-AHT) which exploded shortly after overflying NDB Hermsdorf, East Germany, while en route from Stockholm to Belgrade on 26 January 1972. The aircraft, piloted by captain Ludvig Razdrih, broke into two pieces and spun out of control, crashing near the village of Srbská Kamenice in Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic). 27 of 28 of those on board were killed upon ground impact; but one crew member, Vesna Vulović, survived.[1]
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The Yugoslav government immediately accused Croatian far-right terrorists of planting a bomb on the plane, and the site was sealed off from the media for 24 hours. However, nobody ever claimed responsibility for the bombing,[2] no arrests were ever made, and the cause continues to be controversial.
Vesna Vulović was near the rear of the aircraft at the time of the explosion. The tailcone of the aircraft was torn away from the main fuselage and both fell from 10,160 meters (33,000 feet) before impact with the ground. A food cart pinned her to the back of the plane during her fall, acting as a seat belt, thus preventing her from being sucked out of the plane during de-compression or the ensuing fall. Some reports stated she was at the back when the explosion occurred, but she has said she was told that she had been found in the middle section of the plane.[3]
Vulović was in a coma for 27 days and was temporarily paralyzed from the waist down, but survived.[4] She continued working for the airline, holding a desk job.[5]
Vesna Vulović holds the official record in the Guinness Book of Records for the highest fall survived without a parachute.[3] Vulović received the Guinness prize from Paul McCartney.[3]
A major celebrity in SFRY, Vesna Vulović was a frequent guest at major Yugoslav TV shows such as Maksovizija by Milovan Ilić Minimaks, up until the 1990s. Vulović attended annual commemorations at the crash site, until they were stopped in 2002. The daughter of the firefighter that saved her bears her name, as well as the local hotel in Czech Republic, near the site of the crash.
The plane crash was a subject of MythBusters. Episode 37, "Escape Slide Parachute (Story of Vesna Vulović)" was devoted to her case.[6] The MythBusters concluded it was possible to survive the fall depending on how the wreckage someone was sitting in landed. Discovery Channel in their programme Against all Odds also profiled Vulović's fall to earth.
The officially stated cause of the crash was challenged on numerous occasions over the years.
Most recently, the discussion about different aspects of the crash was reopened on 8 January 2009, when German news magazine Tagesschau featured a report by investigative journalists Peter Hornung and Pavel Theiner.[7] Based on newly obtained documents mainly from the Czech Civil Aviation Authority, they concluded that it was extremely likely that the plane had been mistakenly shot down only a few hundred meters above the ground by a MiG fighter of the Czechoslovak Air Force, having been mistaken for an enemy aircraft while attempting a forced landing.[5][8] As evidence that the DC-9 had broken up at a lower altitude, the report cited eyewitnesses from Srbská Kamenice, who had seen the plane burning but still intact below the low-hanging clouds, and confirmation of a Serbian aviation expert (who had been present at the crash site) that the debris area had been much too small for a crash from high altitude; it also referred to sightings of a second plane.[5][7] According to Hornung, flight 367 got into difficulties, "went into a steep descent and found itself over a sensitive military area", close to a nuclear weapons facility.[5] The Czech Civilian Aviation Authority dismissed the claims as media sensationalism, that occurs from time to time, while Vesna Vulović (who has no memory of the crash or the flight after boarding[5]) referred to the claims that the plane attempted a forced landing or descended to such low altitude as a "nebulous nonsense".[9] A representative of Guinness World Records stated that "it seems that at the time Guinness was duped by this swindle just like the rest of the media."[5]
